Endocrinopathies are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary. Primary endocrine disease inhibits the action of downstream glands/ target endocrine glands. Secondary endocrine disease is indicative of a problem with the pituitary gland. Tertiary endocrine disease is associated with dysfunction of the hypothalamus and its releasing hormones. Vasopression excess (SIADH) Causes: Read more…
This is a normal anterior pituitary gland histology. Note the bluish colour of the basophils, and pinkish colour of the acidophils. This is a histology slide of the posterior pituitary. The brown-stained cells are cells that secrete Growth Hormones – Somatotropes. The cells are stained for immunochemistry evaluation. _____________________________________________________________________ Pituitary Read more…
Synthesis & Structure of Growth Hormone Synthesized by somatotropes ( a subclass of anterior pituitary cells). It’s a single polypeptide hormone (191 amino acids), with 2 disulphide linkages. GH, prolactin, chorionic somatomammotropin have similar sequence homology, therefore all have growth and lactating effects. Growth Hormone Receptor All receptors are proteins. Read more…
Hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis means the hormones that are released from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland will stimulate the release of pituitary hormones into the blood to the target organs. Review the Pituitary Gland before you continue reading. Not mentioned in the anatomy of the pituitary gland, the hypothalamus has many Read more…
Hormones are secreted by specialized endocrine glands/tissues. Endocrine: ductless, and secreted straight into the blood Exocrine: with ducts It then acts on target organs to produce certain functions, and is important for the balance in the body (homeostasis). Many hormones are released in a pulsatile fashion (in it’s own timing, Read more…
The pituitary gland consists of the anterior and posterior lobe, which are controlled by the hypothalamus to secrete hormones. It is also known as the hypophysis (hypo: below, physis: hypothalamus). The hypothalamus is connected to the pituitary gland via the pituitary stalk (infundibulum). This pituitary gland is very small, roughly Read more…
Don’t fret 🙂 Download this file: http://rapidshare.com/files/354407630/Microbiology.xls.html and you’re good to go! p/s: I did not include the drugs, so do study that up by urself yea. All the best!
Lymph node Section of a portion of the outer cortex of a lymph node showing the capsule, subcapsular sinuses, diffuse lymphoid tissue, and lymphatic nodules H & E stain Medium magnification _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Lymph node: sections Figure A Section of a lymph node showing the cortex and the medulla & Read more…
Lung: Bronchiectasis Show a resected upper lobe with with widely dilated bronchi. Thickening of the bronchial walls Collapse & fibrosis of the pulmonary parenchyma _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Lung: Acute Pneumonia Microscopic photograph _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Lung: Pulmonary Embolism Seen in the pulmonary artery to the left lung on cut section is a large Read more…
