Read from Dr. Niraj’s notes. Summarise!
EARLY INFANT DEVELOPMENT
Developmental milestones
The 1st year
- Newborn
- grasps anything that touches palm (reflective)
- head not in the middle
- turn head to the side with difficulty when on belly
- stands on leg briefly when held upright
- cries at loud noises
- listens to speech
- 1 month
- can lift head slightly when on belly
- 2 months
- appears more floppy
- arms & legs not bent anymore
- able to turn head
- eyes follow object
- 3 months
- head in the middle
- brings toy to middle of body
- props self on forearms when on belly
- no trunk control when sitting
- toes curled when standing
- begins cooing
- recognizes mom’s voice
- enjoys noisy toys
- 4 months
- update later
- 5 months
- update
- 6 months
- update
- 7 months
- update
- 8 months
- update
- 9 months
- update
- 10 months
- update
- 11 months
- update
- 12 months
- update
Vision
- blurry
- center visual field
- focus at object pulled up to 8-15 inches
- prefer bold colours
- prefer faces as visual preference
Type of eye movements of newborns
- Rapid eye movement (REM)
- Non rapid eye movement (NREM)
- Neonatal Behavioural Assessment Scale (NBAS)
Hearing
- develop during birth
Perception
- Use their senses to learn about the world
Cognitive development
- learn through their senses & interaction with people
Sensorimotor stage (Birth – 2 yo)
- learn from their senses
- show interest in light and movement
- recognise their own name
Object permanence
- knowledge that an object continues to exist
- independent of our senses
- Stage 1 – 6
Speech & language development
- By end of 3rd month
- start to immitate sounds
- move eyes towards direction of sound
- By end of 6th month
- respond to own name
- making sounds
- can babble consonents
- M, B, D
- By end of 12 months
- try to immitate words
- mama,baba, uf oh
- understands simple instructions
- understands no
- By end of 24 months
- uses simple phrases
- begin to use pronouns
- mine
- begin to use prepositions
- in
- under
- asks questions
- say up to 50-100 words
Cooing –> babbling –> one word sentence –> telegraphic speech
Socio-emotional development
- Attachment
- active, intense positive, emotional relationship that develops between a child and particular invidual that endures over time
- innate process
- contact comfort
- Types of attachment
- Secure attachment
- does not want to separate from mother
- happy when mother returns
- Avoidant
- does not seek mother
- does no cry when leave
- Anxious/Ambivalent
- upset when mother leaves
- angry when mother returns
- Temperament
- natural innate style of behavious of each infividual
- 9 traits
- update later
Child development
Growth
- Increase in size
- structural changes
- measurement
- height
- weight
- bone age
Development
- Increase in complexity
- Structure & function
- Intellect personality
Homosapiens & it’s outstanding features
- Upright postrues
- Finely adjustable visual equipment & Uniquely flexile digits
- Spoken language
- Evolution of complex social culture